Add Project.where_paths_in
In https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/4410 I'm working on reducing the SQL queries needed to render Markdown. One reason for the large amount of queries is executing a large number of queries needed to find projects and related data. Basically `Project.find_with_namespace` is called in a loop and then any relations have to be retrieved separately.
By using `Project.where_paths_in` we can work around this by doing something like:
```ruby
project_paths = [...] # populated by some method
projects = Project.where_paths_in(project_paths).includes(:namespace, ...)
```
Ref: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/18042
See merge request !4535
This method can be used to find multiple projects for multiple paths.
For example, take this snippet:
Project.where_paths_in(%w{gitlab-org/gitlab-ce gitlab-org/gitlab-ee})
This will return an ActiveRecord::Relation containing the GitLab CE and
GitLab EE projects.
This method takes care of matching rows both case-sensitively and
case-insensitively where needed.
Project.find_with_namespace in turn has been modified to use
Project.where_paths_in without nuking any scoping (instead it uses
reorder(nil)). This means that any default scopes (e.g. those used for
"pending_delete" stay intact).
The method Project.where_paths_in was added so the various Markdown
filters can use a single query to grab all the projects referenced in a
set of documents, something Project.find_with_namespace didn't allow.
Fix UTF-8 handling in incremental trace update API
## What does this MR do?
This MR fixes invalid UTF-8 handling in incremental trace update API (used by GitLab Runner).
## Why was this MR needed?
Current version is using `.length` method to determine current trace size where Runner is using the trace size in bytes. Also this byte size is used in headers and file operations to agree the trace part to send. This is a problem when build trace contains any multi-byte UTF-8 characters. This MR is fixing this situation so all parts are using the same size in bytes.
### Runner -> API communication before fix:
```
Checking for builds... received runner=_token_
gitlab-ci-multi-runner 1.3.0~beta.26.gcfd63b9 (cfd63b9) build=25 runner=_token_
Using Docker executor with image debian:jessie ... build=25 runner=_token_
Pulling docker image debian:jessie ... build=25 runner=_token_
25 Submitting build to coordinator... ok runner=_token_
25 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-158 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=0-158 runner=_token_
25 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-491 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=158-505 runner=_token_
WARNING: 25 Appending trace to coordinator... range missmatch RemoteRange=0-491 RemoteState= ResponseMessage=416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable ResponseStatusCode=416 SentRange=505-584 runner=_token_
WARNING: 25 Resending trace patch due to range missmatch runner=_token_
25 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-556 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=491-584 runner=_token_
WARNING: 25 Appending trace to coordinator... range missmatch RemoteRange=0-556 RemoteState= ResponseMessage=416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable ResponseStatusCode=416 SentRange=584-663 runner=_token_
WARNING: 25 Resending trace patch due to range missmatch runner=_token_
25 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-621 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=556-663 runner=_token_
Build succeeded build=25 runner=_token_
WARNING: 25 Appending trace to coordinator... range missmatch RemoteRange=0-621 RemoteState= ResponseMessage=416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable ResponseStatusCode=416 SentRange=663-797 runner=_token_
WARNING: 25 Resending trace patch due to range missmatch runner=_token_
25 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-741 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=621-797 runner=_token_
25 Submitting build to coordinator... ok runner=_token_
```
### Runner -> API communication after fix:
```
Checking for builds... received runner=_token_
gitlab-ci-multi-runner 1.3.0~beta.26.gcfd63b9 (cfd63b9) build=26 runner=_token_
Using Docker executor with image debian:jessie ... build=26 runner=_token_
Pulling docker image debian:jessie ... build=26 runner=_token_
26 Submitting build to coordinator... ok runner=_token_
26 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-158 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=0-158 runner=_token_
26 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-505 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=158-505 runner=_token_
26 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-584 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=505-584 runner=_token_
26 Appending trace to coordinator... ok RemoteRange=0-663 RemoteState=running ResponseMessage=202 Accepted ResponseStatusCode=202 SentRange=584-663 runner=_token_
Build succeeded build=26 runner=_token_
26 Submitting build to coordinator... ok runner=_token_
```
See merge request !4541
Add a new application setting, after_sign_up_text. This is text to be
rendered as Markdown and shown on the 'almost there' page after a user
signs up, but before they've confirmed their account.
Tweak the styles for that page so that centered lists look reasonable.
This was not a clear cut n+1 query, given that if you're directly subscribed to all issues
that the API is returning you never really need to check for the notes. However, if you're
subscribed to _all_ of them, then for each issuable you need to go once to `notes`, and
once to `users` (for the authors). By preemtively loading notes and authors, at worst you have
1 extra query, and at best you saved 2n extra queries. We also took advantage of this preloading
of notes when counting user notes.
`notes_with_associations` are used for `participant` declarations, but `Participable`
only really cares about the target entity project, and not the participants
projects.
`notes_with_associations` are also used in `Commit::has_been_reverted?` which
employs the reference extractor of the commit, so no references to the notes
projects are made there (`Mentionable::all_references` cares only about the
`author` and other `attr_mentionable`). A paralel situation occurs on
`Issue::referenced_merge_requests`.
Notifications dropdown on project page now has descriptions
## What does this MR do?
Adds descriptions to the notification settings dropdown on project pages. Also changed the order of them to make more sense.
## What are the relevant issue numbers?
Part of #12758
## Screenshots (if relevant)

See merge request !4374
Notes are awardables
## What does this MR do?
Makes sure we can :thunder_cloud_rain: comments/notes.
## What are the relevant issue numbers?
Follows up upon !2901, depends on !3785Closes#3655
## Screenshots (if relevant)
TODO
See merge request !4291
- To hold registrations from U2F devices, and to authenticate them.
- Previously, `User#two_factor_enabled` was aliased to the
`otp_required_for_login` column on `users`.
- This commit changes things a bit:
- `User#two_factor_enabled` is not a method anymore
- `User#two_factor_enabled?` checks both the
`otp_required_for_login` column, as well as `U2fRegistration`s
- Change all instances of `User#two_factor_enabled` to
`User#two_factor_enabled?`
- Add the `u2f` gem, and implement registration/authentication at the
model level.
Enable Lint/AmbiguousOperator rubocop cop
Enforce using parentheses if ambiguous operators are detected, like `header *some_method` or `array.select &:even?`.
See #17478
See merge request !4454
* commit 'ca3c5c295ed653b483fe81c3918ffe60f46666b9':
Let contributors know where to start
Ensure branch cleanup regardless of whether the import process succeeds
Fix failing todo tests
Reorder the todos because the use of the project finder attempts to order them differently
Update target todo test to use a public project
Use the project finder in the todos finder to limit todos to just ones within projects you have access to.
Move filtering todos by projects not pending deletion into a scope on the todo model
Reduce the filters on the todos joins project query by being explicit about the join
Ensure we don't show TODOS for projects pending delete
Fix deprecation warnings in spec/services/issues/bulk_update_service_spec.rb
Remove unused Issuable#is_assigned? method
fixup! Don't allow merges with new commits
fixup! Add `sha` parameter to MR accept API
Reduce Namespace queries in UserReferenceFilter
Added ReferenceFilter#nodes
Returning enums in ReferenceFilter#each_node
Don't allow merges with new commits
Add `sha` parameter to MR accept API