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24 KiB
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<meta name="description" content="这周在公司中的一个任务是，安装postgresql 数据库，并要成功连接rails 程序，执行rake 命令。走了很多弯路吧。主要有： 在postgresql 中创建一个与database.yml中用户名一致的用户。 创建一致的用户，并赋予superuser身份。 在postgres中创建一个用户与当前linux用户名一致。不设置/设置密码 修改/etc/postg">
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<meta property="og:description" content="这周在公司中的一个任务是，安装postgresql 数据库，并要成功连接rails 程序，执行rake 命令。走了很多弯路吧。主要有： 在postgresql 中创建一个与database.yml中用户名一致的用户。 创建一致的用户，并赋予superuser身份。 在postgres中创建一个用户与当前linux用户名一致。不设置/设置密码 修改/etc/postg">
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linux安装配置postgresql
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
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<time title="创建时间：2012-11-09 00:00:00" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2012-11-09T00:00:00+11:00">2012-11-09</time>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">更新于</span>
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<time title="修改时间：2026-08-04 20:47:21" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2026-08-04T20:47:21+10:00">2026-08-04</time>
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<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>这周在公司中的一个任务是，安装postgresql 数据库，并要成功连接rails 程序，执行rake 命令。走了很多弯路吧。主要有：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>在postgresql 中创建一个与database.yml中用户名一致的用户。</li>
|
||
<li>创建一致的用户，并赋予superuser身份。</li>
|
||
<li>在postgres中创建一个用户与当前linux用户名一致。不设置/设置密码</li>
|
||
<li>修改/etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf,修改里面的验证方法。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>主要出现的错误有：no password supplied.等错误。</p>
|
||
<p>最后，在各种操作后终于成功执行了 rake 命令，昨天晚上我自己在自己的电脑上又试了一下，现在将我们应该做的正确操作描述如下。</p>
|
||
<p>首先是在linux/ubuntu上安装postgres.</p>
|
||
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.1</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install postgresql-server-dev-9.1 </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
|
||
|
||
<p>postgresql 数据库在安装的时候会默认创建postgres用户，它的身份可以简单理解成为mysql 中的root用户。并且我们现在可以这样登录postgresql</p>
|
||
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo -u postgres psql (注意这里是小写的u，和后面的有区别)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
|
||
|
||
<p>接下俩我们需要在postgresql 中创建一个与当前你使用的linux用户名一致，并赋予superuser.（当然这个操作需要在连接到数据库的基础上）</p>
|
||
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># <span class="keyword">Create</span> SuperUser</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">create</span> <span class="keyword">user</span> junv <span class="keyword">with</span> superuser (当前我的linux用户名为junv) </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
|
||
|
||
<p>完成数据库操作后，使用 \q退出数据库命令行</p>
|
||
<p>然后，我们需要修改/etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf（这里的9.1，是因为我安装的数据库版本是9.1）</p>
|
||
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo gedit /etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
|
||
|
||
<p>将里面相似的内容修改为类似如下所示：</p>
|
||
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">\# Database administrative login by Unix domain socket </span><br><span class="line">local all postgres trust</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">\# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD </span><br><span class="line">\# “local” is for Unix domain socket connections only </span><br><span class="line">local all all trust </span><br><span class="line">\# IPv4 local connections: </span><br><span class="line">host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust </span><br><span class="line">\# IPv6 local connections: </span><br><span class="line">host all all ::1/128 trust</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
|
||
|
||
<p>最后这个method,改成trust,表示信任所有来地本地(localhost)的连接。这样我们就可以连上数据库了</p>
|
||
<p>和mysql 我们修改了配置文件之后还需要做的是 重启 数据库，让配置生效。</p>
|
||
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo service postgresql restart</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
|
||
|
||
<p>到现在为止。我们对数据库进行的操作就差不多了。现在你应该已经可以成功脸上数据库了。</p>
|
||
<p>但是经过我的实验，我发现，我可以把database.yml中设置的用户名改成任意值，即使是一个在postgresql中根本不存在的用户名，也依然可以成功。所以我猜测，postgresql可能是用的我当前linux 系统的这个用户名吧。具体有待验证。</p>
|
||
<p>由于我们配置文件中，配置为对本地的所有连接都是信任的，这应该也是原因之一吧。</p>
|
||
<p>这一周在公司的生活很充实，由于使用ubuntu,代理，结对编程的缘故，基本上都没什么时间关注QQ，和浏览新闻了。。。。。。。。</p>
|
||
<p>开始适应在thoughtworks的生活。</p>
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<strong>本文作者： </strong>Junv
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<strong>本文链接：</strong>
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<a href="https://toozhao.com/2012/11/08/install-postgresql-with-linux/" title="linux安装配置postgresql">https://toozhao.com/2012/11/08/install-postgresql-with-linux/</a>
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<strong>版权声明： </strong>本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-fw fa-creative-commons"></i>BY-NC-SA</a> 许可协议。转载请注明出处！
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<a href="/tags/linux/" rel="tag"># linux</a>
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<a href="/tags/postgresql/" rel="tag"># postgresql</a>
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<a href="/tags/rails/" rel="tag"># rails</a>
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