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Moco使用心得分享
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<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><h5 id="Moco是个什么东西呢？"><a href="#Moco是个什么东西呢？" class="headerlink" title="Moco是个什么东西呢？"></a>Moco是个什么东西呢？</h5><p>Moco是Thoughtworker <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://weibo.com/dreamhead">@Dreamhead</a> 写的一个用于Mock服务和和进行相关测试的框架。在Moco的官方介绍中是这样描述的：“Moco is an easy setup stub framework, mainly focusing on testing and integration, inspired by Mock framework, e.g. Mockito, and Playframework。”在我要讲的这个应用中，我们主要用Moco来mock第三方、应用外部的服务。保障我们进行高效和稳定的开发。</p>
<h5 id="为什么我们要使用Moco："><a href="#为什么我们要使用Moco：" class="headerlink" title="为什么我们要使用Moco："></a>为什么我们要使用Moco：</h5><p>我们的应用主要的数据来源和持久化等操作都不是在应用内完成，而主要是通过调用外部的Web service来达到目的。在使用Moco之前我们经常遇到这样的问题，外部的服务挂了，我们本地获取不到数据，就直接导致我们不能进行开发工作，集成测试不工作，就导致我们不能验证自己的工作是否是正确的。我们就期望有一个东西，能在我们进行开发时，屏蔽我们对外部外部的高度依赖。然后我们只需要通过每天定期跑集成测试，以保证我们的工作是正常的，有效的。Moco则满足我们的条件，于是我们在项目中加入了Moco。</p>
<h5 id="我们如何使用Moco："><a href="#我们如何使用Moco：" class="headerlink" title="我们如何使用Moco："></a>我们如何使用Moco：</h5><p>Moco可以使用java代码API和外挂json配置文件两种形式进行使用，在我们项目中我们使用后者的方法，这样可以保持项目本身和Moco的低耦合，我们只需要在我们需要Moco的时间段——functional test、验收测试段让其加入进来即可。</p>
<p>我们将Moco和外部服务的 base domain（域和端口）写入到一个配置文件中，我们可以根据我们的需要在自行选择是否使用Moco来mock服务。<br>然后我们需要为被mock的每个服务的endpoint编写监听请求和回应。一个简单的例子如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;request&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;method&quot;: &quot;get&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;uri&quot;: &quot;/hello&quot;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;response&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;file&quot;: &quot;xml-folder/sample.xml&quot;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>其大致的意思是：监听“&#x2F;hello” 这样的GET请求，一旦收到这样的请求即返回某目录下的一个xml文件。</strong></p>
<p>在运行 functional test的时候，我们也使用了Moco来代替真实服务。也许你会问这样做能保证做出来的功能正确吗？答案是肯定的。<br>首先Moco中所有的数据都是真实的，只是它是某次请求的数据，因此它是固定的。其次我们在项目中每天定期跑集成测试，集成测试保证了我们调用外部服务的接口是正常工作的，数据是准确的。</p>
<p>Moco给我们的优点或者说给我们带来的好处：</p>
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<li>集成简单、方便，隔离开发对外部服务的高度依赖，使得我们在任何时间都能进行开发，即使所依赖的服务挂了。</li>
<li>与Maven、Gradle良好集成，有maven和Gradle插件为我们保驾护航，使得我们可以在Concoridion Test等中轻松使用Moco</li>
<li>使得我们的测试运行速度更快，经测试单个接口请求和响应时间至少减少50%以上，节省程序员等待CI状态的时间。</li>
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<p>更详细的Moco使用说明，请移步<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/dreamhead/moco">Moco Github repo</a></p>
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</footer>
</article>
</div>
</div>
</main>
<footer class="footer">
<div class="footer-inner">
<div class="copyright">
&copy; 2012 –
<span itemprop="copyrightYear">2026</span>
<span class="with-love">
<i class="fa fa-heart"></i>
</span>
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</div>
<div class="powered-by">由 <a href="https://hexo.io/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Hexo</a> & <a href="https://theme-next.js.org/muse/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">NexT.Muse</a> 强力驱动
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</div>
</footer>
<div class="toggle sidebar-toggle" role="button">
<span class="toggle-line"></span>
<span class="toggle-line"></span>
<span class="toggle-line"></span>
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<div class="sidebar-dimmer"></div>
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<i class="fa fa-arrow-up fa-lg"></i>
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</div>
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<a role="button" class="book-mark-link book-mark-link-fixed"></a>
<noscript>
<div class="noscript-warning">Theme NexT works best with JavaScript enabled</div>
</noscript>
<script>
/* 字号调节 A- / A / A+（阅读体验） */
(function () {
'use strict';
function initFontSize() {
var postBody = document.querySelector('.post-body');
if (!postBody || document.getElementById('font-size-control')) return;
var bar = document.createElement('div');
bar.id = 'font-size-control';
bar.className = 'font-size-control';
var labels = [['A-', -1], ['A', 0], ['A+', 1]];
var current = 1.0;
labels.forEach(function (item) {
var btn = document.createElement('button');
btn.textContent = item[0];
btn.title = item[0] === 'A-' ? '减小字号' : item[0] === 'A+' ? '增大字号' : '恢复默认';
btn.addEventListener('click', function () {
if (item[1] === 0) current = 1.0;
else current = Math.min(1.4, Math.max(0.8, current + item[1] * 0.1));
postBody.style.fontSize = current + 'em';
});
bar.appendChild(btn);
});
document.body.appendChild(bar);
}
if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', initFontSize);
} else {
initFontSize();
}
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>
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