Fix 2FA authentication spoofing vulnerability

This commit attempts to change default user search scope if otp_user_id
session variable has been set. If it is present, it means that user has
2FA enabled, and has already been verified with login and password. In
this case we should look for user with otp_user_id first, before picking
it up by login.

app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ class SessionsController < Devise::SessionsController
   skip_before_action :check_2fa_requirement, only: [:destroy]
 
   prepend_before_action :check_initial_setup, only: [:new]
-  prepend_before_action :authenticate_with_two_factor, only: [:create]
+  prepend_before_action :authenticate_with_two_factor,
+    if: :two_factor_enabled?, only: [:create]
   prepend_before_action :store_redirect_path, only: [:new]
 
   before_action :auto_sign_in_with_provider, only: [:new]
@@ -56,10 +57,10 @@ class SessionsController < Devise::SessionsController
   end
 
   def find_user
-    if user_params[:login]
-      User.by_login(user_params[:login])
-    elsif user_params[:otp_attempt] && session[:otp_user_id]
+    if session[:otp_user_id]
       User.find(session[:otp_user_id])
+    elsif user_params[:login]
+      User.by_login(user_params[:login])
     end
   end
 
@@ -83,11 +84,13 @@ class SessionsController < Devise::SessionsController
     end
   end
 
+  def two_factor_enabled?
+    find_user.try(:two_factor_enabled?)
+  end
+
   def authenticate_with_two_factor
     user = self.resource = find_user
 
-    return unless user && user.two_factor_enabled?
-
     if user_params[:otp_attempt].present? && session[:otp_user_id]
       if valid_otp_attempt?(user)
         # Remove any lingering user data from login

spec/controllers/sessions_controller_spec.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ describe SessionsController do
       @request.env['devise.mapping'] = Devise.mappings[:user]
     end
 
-    context 'standard authentications' do
+    context 'when using standard authentications' do
       context 'invalid password' do
         it 'does not authenticate user' do
           post(:create, user: { login: 'invalid', password: 'invalid' })
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe SessionsController do
         end
       end
 
-      context 'valid password' do
+      context 'when using valid password' do
         let(:user) { create(:user) }
 
         it 'authenticates user correctly' do
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ describe SessionsController do
       end
     end
 
-    context 'two-factor authentication' do
+    context 'when using two-factor authentication' do
       let(:user) { create(:user, :two_factor) }
 
       def authenticate_2fa(user_params)
@@ -38,52 +38,59 @@ describe SessionsController do
       ##
       # See #14900 issue
       #
-      context 'authenticating with login and OTP belonging to another user' do
-        let(:another_user) { create(:user, :two_factor) }
-
-
-        context 'OTP valid for another user' do
-          it 'does not authenticate' do
-            authenticate_2fa(login: another_user.username,
-                             otp_attempt: another_user.current_otp)
-
-            expect(subject.current_user).to_not eq another_user
-          end
-        end
-
-        context 'OTP invalid for another user' do
-          before do
-            authenticate_2fa(login: another_user.username,
-                             otp_attempt: 'invalid')
-          end
-
-          it 'does not authenticate' do
-            expect(subject.current_user).to_not eq another_user
-          end
-
-          it 'does not leak information about 2FA enabled' do
-            expect(response).to_not set_flash.now[:alert].to /Invalid two-factor code/
-          end
-        end
-
-        context 'authenticating with OTP' do
-          context 'valid OTP' do
-            it 'authenticates correctly' do
-              authenticate_2fa(otp_attempt: user.current_otp)
-
-              expect(subject.current_user).to eq user
-            end
-          end
-
-          context 'invalid OTP' do
-            before { authenticate_2fa(otp_attempt: 'invalid') }
+      context 'when authenticating with login and OTP of another user' do
+        context 'when another user has 2FA enabled' do
+          let(:another_user) { create(:user, :two_factor) }
 
+          context 'when OTP is valid for another user' do
             it 'does not authenticate' do
-              expect(subject.current_user).to_not eq user
+              authenticate_2fa(login: another_user.username,
+                               otp_attempt: another_user.current_otp)
+
+              expect(subject.current_user).to_not eq another_user
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'when OTP is invalid for another user' do
+            it 'does not authenticate' do
+              authenticate_2fa(login: another_user.username,
+                               otp_attempt: 'invalid')
+
+              expect(subject.current_user).to_not eq another_user
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'when authenticating with OTP' do
+            context 'when OTP is valid' do
+              it 'authenticates correctly' do
+                authenticate_2fa(otp_attempt: user.current_otp)
+
+                expect(subject.current_user).to eq user
+              end
             end
 
-            it 'warns about invalid OTP code' do
-              expect(response).to set_flash.now[:alert].to /Invalid two-factor code/
+            context ' when OTP is invalid' do
+              before { authenticate_2fa(otp_attempt: 'invalid') }
+
+              it 'does not authenticate' do
+                expect(subject.current_user).to_not eq user
+              end
+
+              it 'warns about invalid OTP code' do
+                expect(response).to set_flash
+                  .now[:alert].to /Invalid two-factor code/
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'when another user does not have 2FA enabled' do
+            let(:another_user) { create(:user) }
+
+            it 'does not leak that 2FA is disabled for another user' do
+              authenticate_2fa(login: another_user.username,
+                               otp_attempt: 'invalid')
+
+              expect(response).to_not set_flash.now[:alert].to /Invalid login or password/
             end
           end
         end