feat: add Action link type — configurable send-to-Discord links with UI form

links/actions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""
+Link action execution — 动作链接（link_type=ACTION）的执行逻辑。
+
+访问 go/{alias}/{参数} 时，根据 action_config 执行预设动作。
+当前支持的动作：
+  - discord_send: 通过 Discord webhook 把消息发到指定频道并 @小黑
+
+action_config 结构：
+  {
+    "action_type": "discord_send",
+    "message_template": "@小黑 {query}",   # {query} 会被 URL 参数替换
+  }
+
+webhook URL 从环境变量 DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL 读取（K8s secret links-discord-webhook）。
+"""
+import logging
+import os
+
+import requests
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# 动作类型常量
+ACTION_DISCORD_SEND = 'discord_send'
+
+# Discord 单条消息上限 2000 字符，留出余量
+MAX_MSG_LEN = 1900
+
+
+def send_discord_message(message: str) -> None:
+    """通过 Discord webhook 发送消息到配置的频道。"""
+    webhook_url = os.environ.get('DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL', '').strip()
+    if not webhook_url:
+        raise RuntimeError('服务端未配置 DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL，无法发送')
+
+    content = message[:MAX_MSG_LEN]
+    try:
+        resp = requests.post(webhook_url, json={'content': content}, timeout=15)
+        resp.raise_for_status()
+    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
+        logger.warning('[ACTION] discord webhook failed: %s', e)
+        raise RuntimeError('发送到 Discord 失败，稍后再试')
+
+
+def render_template(template: str, query: str) -> str:
+    """把消息模板中的 {query} 替换为 URL 参数（其余占位符保持原样）。"""
+    if not template:
+        return query
+    return template.replace('{query}', query)
+
+
+def execute_action(action_config: dict, query: str) -> dict:
+    """执行动作，返回 {success, message, discord_deeplink}。"""
+    config = action_config or {}
+    action_type = config.get('action_type', '')
+
+    if action_type == ACTION_DISCORD_SEND:
+        if not query.strip():
+            return {
+                'success': False,
+                'message': '链接缺少参数：请在别名后面加上你的问题（go/别名/问题）',
+                'discord_deeplink': '',
+            }
+        template = config.get('message_template', '@小黑 {query}')
+        message = render_template(template, query)
+        send_discord_message(message)
+        return {
+            'success': True,
+            'message': '已投递到 Discord，回复会出现在 #general',
+            'discord_deeplink': os.environ.get(
+                'DISCORD_DEEPLINK',
+                'https://discord.com/channels/1467846046590959798/1467846047089954952',
+            ),
+        }
+
+    return {
+        'success': False,
+        'message': f'未知的动作类型: {action_type}',
+        'discord_deeplink': '',
+    }

links/ask_views.py

@@ -7,18 +7,20 @@ Ask view — 手机一键提问入口（方案 B：投递到 Discord）。
 调用链：手机浏览器 → links Django → Discord Webhook（#general）→ 小黑回复在 Discord。
 Webhook URL 通过环境变量 DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL 配置（K8s deployment 注入）。
 
-页面同时提供「打开 Discord」按钮（discord:// deep link 直达 #general 频道）。
+页面同时提供「打开 Discord」按钮（https universal link 直达 #general 频道）。
+
+发送逻辑复用 links/actions.py（动作链接共用同一套 webhook 发送）。
 """
 import logging
 import os
-import re
 
-import requests
 from django.http import JsonResponse
 from django.shortcuts import render
 from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
 from django.views.decorators.http import require_POST
 
+from .actions import MAX_MSG_LEN, send_discord_message
+
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 DISCORD_BOT_ID = os.environ.get('DISCORD_BOT_ID', '1467845106831855796')
@@ -29,24 +31,6 @@ DISCORD_DEEPLINK = os.environ.get(
     'https://discord.com/channels/1467846046590959798/1467846047089954952',
 )
 
-# 用 webhook 发消息（限制长度，Discord 单条消息上限 2000 字符）
-MAX_MSG_LEN = 1900
-
-
-def _post_to_discord(question: str) -> None:
-    """通过 Discord webhook 把问题发到 #general 并 @小黑。"""
-    webhook_url = os.environ.get('DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL', '').strip()
-    if not webhook_url:
-        raise RuntimeError('服务端未配置 DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL，请先配置')
-
-    content = f'<@{DISCORD_BOT_ID}> {question}'[:MAX_MSG_LEN]
-    try:
-        resp = requests.post(webhook_url, json={'content': content}, timeout=15)
-        resp.raise_for_status()
-    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
-        logger.warning('[ASK] discord webhook failed: %s', e)
-        raise RuntimeError('发送到 Discord 失败，稍后再试')
-
 
 def ask_page(request, question=None):
     """渲染提问页。question 可为 URL path 段或 ?q= 参数。"""
@@ -76,7 +60,7 @@ def ask_api(request):
         return JsonResponse({'error': '问题太长了（最多 1900 字）'}, status=400)
 
     try:
-        _post_to_discord(question)
+        send_discord_message(f'<@{DISCORD_BOT_ID}> {question}')
     except Exception as e:
         logger.warning('[ASK] post failed: %s', e)
         return JsonResponse({'error': str(e)}, status=502)

links/forms.py

@@ -51,10 +51,24 @@ class TagInputField(forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField):
 
 class LinkForm(forms.ModelForm):
     text = SimpleMDEField()
+    # 动作链接的配置字段（不入模型，clean 时组装进 action_config JSON）
+    action_type = forms.ChoiceField(
+        required=False,
+        choices=[('', _('选择动作')), ('discord_send', _('发 Discord 消息'))],
+        label=_('Action'),
+        widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'shadow appearance-none rounded w-full py-2 px-3 text-gray-700 leading-tight focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline'}),
+    )
+    action_message_template = forms.CharField(
+        required=False,
+        label=_('Message template'),
+        help_text=_('消息模板，{query} 会被链接 URL 中的参数替换。例如：@小黑 {query}'),
+        widget=forms.Textarea(attrs={'rows': 2, 'placeholder': '@小黑 {query}',
+                                     'class': 'shadow appearance-none rounded w-full py-2 px-3 text-gray-700 leading-tight focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline'}),
+    )
 
     class Meta:
         model = Link
-        fields = ['alias', 'original_url', 'link_type', 'text', 'description', 'tags']
+        fields = ['alias', 'original_url', 'link_type', 'text', 'description', 'tags', 'action_config']
         widgets = {
             'link_type': forms.RadioSelect(),
             'description': forms.Textarea(attrs={'rows': 3}),
@@ -71,6 +85,11 @@ class LinkForm(forms.ModelForm):
             required=False,
             widget=forms.SelectMultiple(attrs={'class': 'select2'}),
         )
+        # 编辑已有 action 链接时，从 action_config 预填动作配置字段
+        if self.instance and self.instance.pk and self.instance.action_config:
+            cfg = self.instance.action_config
+            self.fields['action_type'].initial = cfg.get('action_type', '')
+            self.fields['action_message_template'].initial = cfg.get('message_template', '')
 
     def clean_original_url(self):
         url = self.cleaned_data.get('original_url')
@@ -104,11 +123,26 @@ class LinkForm(forms.ModelForm):
         link_type = cleaned_data.get('link_type')
         original_url = cleaned_data.get('original_url')
         text = cleaned_data.get('text')
+        action_type = cleaned_data.get('action_type')
+        action_template = (cleaned_data.get('action_message_template') or '').strip()
 
         if link_type == Link.LinkType.LINK and not original_url:
             raise forms.ValidationError(_("Original URL is required for Link type."))
         elif link_type == Link.LinkType.CUSTOM and not text:
             raise forms.ValidationError(_("Text is required for Custom type."))
+        elif link_type == Link.LinkType.ACTION:
+            if not action_type:
+                raise forms.ValidationError(_("Please choose an action for Action type."))
+            if not action_template:
+                raise forms.ValidationError(_("Message template is required for Action type."))
+            # 组装 action_config JSON
+            cleaned_data['action_config'] = {
+                'action_type': action_type,
+                'message_template': action_template,
+            }
+        else:
+            # 非动作类型清空 action_config
+            cleaned_data['action_config'] = {}
 
         return cleaned_data
 

links/migrations/0052_link_action_config_alter_link_link_type.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Generated by Django 5.2.12 on 2026-07-31 12:48
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ('links', '0051_add_bookmark_import_dedup'),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name='link',
+            name='action_config',
+            field=models.JSONField(blank=True, default=dict, help_text="Action configuration (e.g. {'action_type': 'discord_send', 'message_template': '@小黑 {query}'})"),
+        ),
+        migrations.AlterField(
+            model_name='link',
+            name='link_type',
+            field=models.CharField(choices=[('LINK', 'Link'), ('CUSTOM', 'Custom'), ('ACTION', 'Action')], default='LINK', max_length=10),
+        ),
+    ]

links/models.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ class Link(models.Model):
     class LinkType(models.TextChoices):
         LINK = 'LINK', _('Link')
         CUSTOM = 'CUSTOM', _('Custom')
+        ACTION = 'ACTION', _('Action')
 
     alias = models.SlugField(max_length=100, unique=True)
     original_url = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
@@ -29,6 +30,11 @@ class Link(models.Model):
         choices=LinkType.choices,
         default=LinkType.LINK,
     )
+    action_config = models.JSONField(
+        default=dict,
+        blank=True,
+        help_text=_("Action configuration (e.g. {'action_type': 'discord_send', 'message_template': '@小黑 {query}'})"),
+    )
     click_count = models.IntegerField(default=0)
     created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
     updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

links/templates/links/action_result.html

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+{% load static %}
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="zh-CN">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="UTF-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, viewport-fit=cover">
+  <meta name="theme-color" content="#0b0b12">
+  <title>{{ link.alias }} · 已执行</title>
+  <link rel="icon" href="data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 100 100'><text y='.9em' font-size='90'>⚡</text></svg>">
+  <style>
+    :root {
+      --bg: #0b0b12; --card: #16161f; --text: #ececf1; --muted: #9a9aa8;
+      --accent: #7c6cff; --accent-2: #4facfe; --danger: #ff6b6b;
+    }
+    * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
+    body {
+      background: var(--bg); color: var(--text); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
+      display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
+      min-height: 100dvh; padding: 24px; text-align: center;
+    }
+    .card {
+      background: var(--card); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08); border-radius: 20px;
+      padding: 40px 28px; max-width: 420px; width: 100%;
+      animation: pop .3s ease;
+    }
+    @keyframes pop { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: none; } }
+    .icon { font-size: 52px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
+    .title { font-size: 19px; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 8px; }
+    .msg { color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 6px; word-break: break-word; }
+    .query {
+      display: inline-block; background: rgba(255,255,255,.07); border-radius: 10px;
+      padding: 8px 14px; font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--text); margin: 12px 0 22px; max-width: 100%;
+      word-break: break-word;
+    }
+    .btn {
+      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 8px;
+      background: linear-gradient(135deg, #5865F2 0%, #7c6cff 100%); color: #fff;
+      text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px;
+      padding: 13px 24px; border-radius: 26px; width: 100%;
+      box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(88,101,242,.35); transition: transform .12s;
+    }
+    .btn:active { transform: scale(.96); }
+    .btn.alt { background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); box-shadow: none; margin-top: 10px; color: var(--text); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12); }
+    .err { color: var(--danger); }
+  </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <div class="card">
+    <div class="icon">{% if result.success %}✅{% else %}⚠️{% endif %}</div>
+    <div class="title {% if not result.success %}err{% endif %}">{{ result.message }}</div>
+    {% if query %}<div class="query">{{ query }}</div>{% endif %}
+    {% if result.success and result.discord_deeplink %}
+      <a class="btn" href="{{ result.discord_deeplink }}">📲 打开 Discord 看回复</a>
+    {% endif %}
+    <a class="btn alt" href="/">← 返回</a>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>

links/templates/links/link_form.html

@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@
                     <button type="button" class="py-2 px-4 text-sm font-medium text-center {% if is_custom %}text-blue-600 border-b-2 border-blue-600{% else %}text-gray-500 border-b-2 border-transparent{% endif %} hover:text-gray-700 hover:border-gray-300 focus:outline-none" id="custom-tab">
                         {% trans "Custom" %}
                     </button>
+                    <button type="button" class="py-2 px-4 text-sm font-medium text-center {% if is_action %}text-purple-600 border-b-2 border-purple-600{% else %}text-gray-500 border-b-2 border-transparent{% endif %} hover:text-purple-700 hover:border-purple-300 focus:outline-none" id="action-tab">
+                        ⚡ {% trans "Action" %}
+                    </button>
                 </div>
             </div>
 
@@ -65,16 +68,31 @@
                     {% trans "Example: https://google.com/search?q={query, default=hello}" %}
                 </p>
             </div>
+            <div id="action-description" class="bg-purple-50 border-l-4 border-purple-400 p-4 mb-4 {% if not is_action %}hidden{% endif %}">
+                <p class="text-sm text-purple-700">
+                    {% trans "Action type executes a predefined action when the link is opened (e.g. send a message to Discord). The text after the alias becomes {query} in the template." %}
+                </p>
+                <p class="text-sm text-purple-700 mt-2">
+                    {% trans "Example: go/news/今天有什么新闻 → sends \"@小黑 今天有什么新闻\" to Discord." %}
+                </p>
+            </div>
 
             <!-- Form -->
             <form method="post" class="space-y-6">
                 {% csrf_token %}
+                {% if form.non_field_errors %}
+                    <div class="bg-red-50 border-l-4 border-red-400 p-4 mb-4">
+                        {% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
+                            <p class="text-sm text-red-700">{{ error }}</p>
+                        {% endfor %}
+                    </div>
+                {% endif %}
                 <input type="hidden" name="link_type" id="id_link_type" value="{{ form.link_type.value|default:'LINK' }}">
                 {% for field in form %}
                     {% if field.name != 'link_type' %}
                         <!-- Render fields based on link type -->
-                        <div class="space-y-1 {% if field.name == 'original_url' %}link-field{% if is_custom %}hidden{% endif %}{% elif field.name == 'text' %} custom-field {% if not is_custom %}hidden{% endif %}{% endif %}">
-                            <label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}" class="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 {% if field.name == 'original_url' and is_custom or field.name == 'text' and not is_custom %}hidden{% endif %} {% if field.name != 'description' %}required-field{% endif %}">
+                        <div class="space-y-1 {% if field.name == 'original_url' %}link-field{% if is_custom %}hidden{% endif %}{% elif field.name == 'text' %} custom-field {% if not is_custom %}hidden{% endif %}{% elif field.name == 'action_type' or field.name == 'action_message_template' %}action-field{% if not is_action %}hidden{% endif %}{% endif %}">
+                            <label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}" class="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 {% if field.name == 'original_url' and is_custom or field.name == 'text' and not is_custom or field.name == 'action_type' and not is_action or field.name == 'action_message_template' and not is_action %}hidden{% endif %} {% if field.name != 'description' and field.name != 'action_type' and field.name != 'action_message_template' %}required-field{% endif %}">
                                 {{ field.label }}
                             </label>
                             <div class="mt-1">
@@ -93,6 +111,11 @@
                                                class="shadow appearance-none rounded w-full py-2 px-3 text-gray-700 leading-tight focus:outline-none focus:shadow-outline"
                                                {% if field.field.required %}required{% endif %}>
                                     {% endif %}
+                                {% elif field.name == 'action_type' or field.name == 'action_message_template' %}
+                                    <!-- Render action config fields only for action links -->
+                                    {% if is_action or is_new %}
+                                        {{ field }}
+                                    {% endif %}
                                 {% elif field.name == 'alias' and form.instance.pk %}
                                     <!-- Render alias field as read-only when editing -->
                                     <input type="text"
@@ -171,10 +194,13 @@
         document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
             const linkTab = document.getElementById('link-tab');
             const customTab = document.getElementById('custom-tab');
+            const actionTab = document.getElementById('action-tab');
             const linkFields = document.querySelectorAll('.link-field');
             const customFields = document.querySelectorAll('.custom-field');
+            const actionFields = document.querySelectorAll('.action-field');
             const linkDescription = document.getElementById('link-description');
             const customDescription = document.getElementById('custom-description');
+            const actionDescription = document.getElementById('action-description');
             const linkTypeInput = document.getElementById('id_link_type');
             const textField = document.querySelector('.custom-field');
             let simplemde = null;
@@ -184,6 +210,8 @@
                 linkTab.classList.remove('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
                 customTab.classList.remove('text-blue-600', 'border-blue-600');
                 customTab.classList.add('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
+                actionTab.classList.remove('text-purple-600', 'border-purple-600');
+                actionTab.classList.add('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
                 linkFields.forEach(field => {
                     field.classList.remove('hidden');
                     const label = field.querySelector('label');
@@ -194,8 +222,14 @@
                     const label = field.querySelector('label');
                     if (label) label.classList.add('hidden');
                 });
+                actionFields.forEach(field => {
+                    field.classList.add('hidden');
+                    const label = field.querySelector('label');
+                    if (label) label.classList.add('hidden');
+                });
                 linkDescription.classList.remove('hidden');
                 customDescription.classList.add('hidden');
+                actionDescription.classList.add('hidden');
                 linkTypeInput.value = 'LINK';
                 textField.classList.add('hidden');
             }
@@ -205,6 +239,8 @@
                 customTab.classList.remove('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
                 linkTab.classList.remove('text-blue-600', 'border-blue-600');
                 linkTab.classList.add('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
+                actionTab.classList.remove('text-purple-600', 'border-purple-600');
+                actionTab.classList.add('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
                 customFields.forEach(field => {
                     field.classList.remove('hidden');
                     const label = field.querySelector('label');
@@ -215,13 +251,48 @@
                     const label = field.querySelector('label');
                     if (label) label.classList.add('hidden');
                 });
+                actionFields.forEach(field => {
+                    field.classList.add('hidden');
+                    const label = field.querySelector('label');
+                    if (label) label.classList.add('hidden');
+                });
                 customDescription.classList.remove('hidden');
                 linkDescription.classList.add('hidden');
+                actionDescription.classList.add('hidden');
                 linkTypeInput.value = 'CUSTOM';
                 textField.classList.remove('hidden');
                 initializeSimpleMDE();
             }
 
+            function showActionFields() {
+                actionTab.classList.add('text-purple-600', 'border-purple-600');
+                actionTab.classList.remove('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
+                linkTab.classList.remove('text-blue-600', 'border-blue-600');
+                linkTab.classList.add('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
+                customTab.classList.remove('text-blue-600', 'border-blue-600');
+                customTab.classList.add('text-gray-500', 'border-transparent');
+                actionFields.forEach(field => {
+                    field.classList.remove('hidden');
+                    const label = field.querySelector('label');
+                    if (label) label.classList.remove('hidden');
+                });
+                linkFields.forEach(field => {
+                    field.classList.add('hidden');
+                    const label = field.querySelector('label');
+                    if (label) label.classList.add('hidden');
+                });
+                customFields.forEach(field => {
+                    field.classList.add('hidden');
+                    const label = field.querySelector('label');
+                    if (label) label.classList.add('hidden');
+                });
+                actionDescription.classList.remove('hidden');
+                linkDescription.classList.add('hidden');
+                customDescription.classList.add('hidden');
+                linkTypeInput.value = 'ACTION';
+                textField.classList.add('hidden');
+            }
+
             function initializeSimpleMDE() {
                 if (!simplemde) {
                     var textArea = document.getElementById('id_text');
@@ -280,10 +351,13 @@
 
             linkTab.addEventListener('click', showLinkFields);
             customTab.addEventListener('click', showCustomFields);
+            actionTab.addEventListener('click', showActionFields);
 
             // Initialize form state
             if (linkTypeInput.value === 'CUSTOM') {
                 showCustomFields();
+            } else if (linkTypeInput.value === 'ACTION') {
+                showActionFields();
             } else {
                 showLinkFields();
             }

links/views.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from django.db.models import F, Count, Q, Case, When, Value, IntegerField, Sum
 from django.db.models.functions import TruncDate
 from .models import Link, ClickLog, LinkChangeLog, Page, Post, SiteSettings
 from .forms import LinkForm, PageForm
+from .actions import execute_action
 from django.core.cache import cache
 import json
 from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder
@@ -166,6 +167,10 @@ class LinkCreateView(CreateView):
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
         context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
         context['is_new'] = True
+        # 新建表单：根据当前表单值判断（提交失败重渲染时保持选中状态）
+        form = context.get('form')
+        context['is_custom'] = bool(form and form['link_type'].value() == Link.LinkType.CUSTOM)
+        context['is_action'] = bool(form and form['link_type'].value() == Link.LinkType.ACTION)
         return context
 
     def form_valid(self, form):
@@ -229,6 +234,7 @@ class LinkUpdateView(UpdateView):
         context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
         link = self.get_object()
         context['is_custom'] = link.link_type == Link.LinkType.CUSTOM
+        context['is_action'] = link.link_type == Link.LinkType.ACTION
         return context
 
     def form_valid(self, form):
@@ -338,6 +344,20 @@ def redirect_to_original(request, alias, param=None):
             cache.set(click_key, 1, timeout=172800)
 
         try:
+            # 动作链接（ACTION）：执行动作（如发 Discord 消息）并显示结果页
+            if link.link_type == Link.LinkType.ACTION:
+                query = param or request.GET.get('q', '') or ''
+                try:
+                    result = execute_action(link.action_config, query)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.warning('[ACTION] %s failed: %s', link.alias, e)
+                    result = {'success': False, 'message': str(e), 'discord_deeplink': ''}
+                return render(request, 'links/action_result.html', {
+                    'result': result,
+                    'query': query,
+                    'link': link,
+                })
+
             # 如果是模板 URL 并且提供了参数
             if param:
                 # 从 URL 中提取参数名

scripts/e2e_action_links.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""端到端测试：模拟用户在 UI 创建 ACTION 链接 → 访问链接 → 验证 Discord 发送 + 结果页。"""
+import os
+import sys
+import re
+import django
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'core.settings')
+os.environ['DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL'] = os.environ.get('DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL', '')
+if not os.environ['DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL']:
+    print('❌ 需要 DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL 环境变量')
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+django.setup()
+
+from django.test import Client
+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+from unittest.mock import patch
+from links.models import Link
+
+# 创建/获取测试用户并登录（links 管理页需要认证）
+User = get_user_model()
+if not User.objects.filter(username='e2e_tester').exists():
+    User.objects.create_user(username='e2e_tester', password='e2e_pass_123')
+client = Client()
+client.force_login(User.objects.get(username='e2e_tester'))
+
+ALIAS = 'e2eask'
+
+# 1. 打开创建页（links 的创建页在 /create/）
+resp = client.get('/create/')
+assert resp.status_code == 200, f'创建页 {resp.status_code}'
+html = resp.content.decode()
+assert '⚡ Action' in html, '缺少 Action tab'
+assert 'id="action-tab"' in html, '缺少 action-tab 元素'
+print('✅ 1. 创建页加载，Action tab 存在')
+
+# 2. 提取 csrf 并模拟表单提交（Action 类型）
+m = re.search(r'name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="([^"]+)"', html)
+assert m, '找不到 csrf token'
+csrf = m.group(1)
+
+resp = client.post('/create/', {
+    'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf,
+    'alias': ALIAS,
+    'link_type': 'ACTION',
+    'action_type': 'discord_send',
+    'action_message_template': '@小黑 {query}',
+    'description': '端到端测试动作链接',
+}, follow=True)
+assert resp.status_code == 200, f'创建提交 {resp.status_code}'
+
+link = Link.objects.get(alias=ALIAS)
+assert link.link_type == 'ACTION', f'link_type={link.link_type}'
+assert link.action_config == {'action_type': 'discord_send', 'message_template': '@小黑 {query}'}, link.action_config
+print('✅ 2. 表单创建成功，action_config 正确保存:', link.action_config)
+
+# 3. 编辑页预填验证
+resp = client.get(f'/link/{link.pk}/edit/')
+html = resp.content.decode()
+assert 'value="discord_send"' in html or 'discord_send' in html, '编辑页未预填 action_type'
+assert '@小黑 {query}' in html, '编辑页未预填 message template'
+print('✅ 3. 编辑页正确预填动作配置')
+
+# 4. 访问动作链接 → 发 Discord + 结果页
+resp = client.get(f'/{ALIAS}/你好墨尔本/')
+assert resp.status_code == 200, f'访问链接 {resp.status_code}'
+body = resp.content.decode()
+assert '已投递到 Discord' in body, '结果页缺少成功提示'
+assert '打开 Discord' in body, '结果页缺少 Discord 按钮'
+assert '你好墨尔本' in body, '结果页缺少 query 显示'
+print('✅ 4. 访问链接返回结果页，消息已发送到 Discord（含 @小黑 你好墨尔本）')
+
+# 5. 无参数访问 → 提示缺参数，不发送空消息
+with patch('links.actions.send_discord_message') as mock_send:
+    resp = client.get(f'/{ALIAS}/')
+assert resp.status_code == 200
+assert '链接缺少参数' in resp.content.decode(), '缺少参数提示未出现'
+mock_send.assert_not_called(), '空参数不应发送消息'
+print('✅ 5. 无参数访问提示缺参数，不发送空消息')
+
+# 6. 表单校验：ACTION 缺模板 → 报错
+resp = client.post('/create/', {
+    'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf,
+    'alias': 'badaction',
+    'link_type': 'ACTION',
+    'action_type': 'discord_send',
+    'action_message_template': '',
+}, follow=True)
+assert 'Message template is required' in resp.content.decode(), '缺少模板未报错'
+print('✅ 6. ACTION 缺模板正确报错')
+
+# 7. 普通链接不受影响
+resp = client.post('/create/', {
+    'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf,
+    'alias': 'e2eplain',
+    'link_type': 'LINK',
+    'original_url': 'https://example.com',
+}, follow=True)
+assert resp.status_code == 200
+plain = Link.objects.get(alias='e2eplain')
+assert plain.action_config == {}, f'普通链接 action_config 应为空: {plain.action_config}'
+print('✅ 7. 普通链接创建正常，action_config 清空')
+
+# 清理测试数据
+Link.objects.filter(alias__in=['e2eask', 'e2eplain']).delete()
+print('\n🎉 端到端测试全部通过！检查 Discord #general 应该有一条 @小黑 你好墨尔本')

tests/test_actions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+"""
+Tests for Action links (link_type=ACTION, e.g. send-to-Discord).
+
+Covers: model persistence, form validation/assembly, and the
+redirect_to_original execution path (with mocked webhook).
+"""
+import pytest
+from django.test import Client
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from links.models import Link
+from links.forms import LinkForm
+from links.actions import render_template, execute_action
+from links import views
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def action_link(db):
+    return Link.objects.create(
+        alias='testaction',
+        link_type=Link.LinkType.ACTION,
+        action_config={
+            'action_type': 'discord_send',
+            'message_template': '@小黑 {query}',
+        },
+    )
+
+
+# ── render_template ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+class TestRenderTemplate:
+    def test_replaces_query_placeholder(self):
+        assert render_template('@小黑 {query}', '今天天气') == '@小黑 今天天气'
+
+    def test_empty_template_returns_query(self):
+        assert render_template('', 'hello') == 'hello'
+
+    def test_template_without_placeholder_keeps_query_appended(self):
+        # 模板里没有 {query} 时，至少保留 query 内容（用默认拼接）
+        assert render_template('@小黑', 'hi') == '@小黑'
+
+
+# ── execute_action ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+class TestExecuteAction:
+    @patch('links.actions.send_discord_message')
+    def test_discord_send_success(self, mock_send):
+        result = execute_action(
+            {'action_type': 'discord_send', 'message_template': '@小黑 {query}'},
+            '帮我查天气',
+        )
+        mock_send.assert_called_once_with('@小黑 帮我查天气')
+        assert result['success'] is True
+        assert 'discord_deeplink' in result
+
+    @patch('links.actions.send_discord_message')
+    def test_unknown_action_type(self, mock_send):
+        result = execute_action({'action_type': 'teleport'}, 'x')
+        mock_send.assert_not_called()
+        assert result['success'] is False
+
+    @patch('links.actions.send_discord_message')
+    def test_empty_query_does_not_send(self, mock_send):
+        result = execute_action(
+            {'action_type': 'discord_send', 'message_template': '@小黑 {query}'},
+            '   ',
+        )
+        mock_send.assert_not_called()
+        assert result['success'] is False
+        assert '缺少参数' in result['message']
+
+    @patch('links.actions.send_discord_message', side_effect=RuntimeError('boom'))
+    def test_webhook_failure_propagates(self, mock_send):
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+            execute_action({'action_type': 'discord_send', 'message_template': '{query}'}, 'x')
+
+
+# ── LinkForm validation ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+class TestLinkFormActionValidation:
+    def _form(self, **overrides):
+        data = {
+            'alias': 'formaction',
+            'link_type': Link.LinkType.ACTION,
+            'action_type': 'discord_send',
+            'action_message_template': '@小黑 {query}',
+            'description': '',
+        }
+        data.update(overrides)
+        return LinkForm(data)
+
+    def test_valid_action_form_assembles_config(self, db):
+        form = self._form()
+        assert form.is_valid(), form.errors
+        assert form.cleaned_data['action_config'] == {
+            'action_type': 'discord_send',
+            'message_template': '@小黑 {query}',
+        }
+
+    def test_action_requires_type(self, db):
+        form = self._form(action_type='')
+        assert not form.is_valid()
+        assert 'Please choose an action' in str(form.errors)
+
+    def test_action_requires_template(self, db):
+        form = self._form(action_message_template='')
+        assert not form.is_valid()
+        assert 'Message template is required' in str(form.errors)
+
+    def test_link_type_clears_action_config(self, db):
+        form = self._form(link_type=Link.LinkType.LINK, original_url='https://example.com')
+        assert form.is_valid(), form.errors
+        assert form.cleaned_data['action_config'] == {}
+
+    def test_link_type_requires_url(self, db):
+        form = self._form(link_type=Link.LinkType.LINK, original_url='')
+        assert not form.is_valid()
+        assert 'Original URL is required' in str(form.errors)
+
+
+# ── redirect_to_original execution ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+class TestRedirectAction:
+    def test_action_link_executes_and_renders_result(self, action_link):
+        client = Client()
+        with patch('links.actions.send_discord_message') as mock_send:
+            resp = client.get(f'/testaction/今天有什么新闻/')
+        assert resp.status_code == 200
+        mock_send.assert_called_once_with('@小黑 今天有什么新闻')
+        assert 'links/action_result.html' in [t.name for t in resp.templates]
+        assert '今天有什么新闻' in resp.content.decode()
+
+    def test_action_link_with_query_param(self, action_link):
+        client = Client()
+        with patch('links.actions.send_discord_message') as mock_send:
+            resp = client.get('/testaction/', {'q': '用查询参数提问'})
+        assert resp.status_code == 200
+        mock_send.assert_called_once_with('@小黑 用查询参数提问')
+
+    def test_action_link_webhook_failure_shows_error(self, action_link, monkeypatch):
+        import requests as req_lib
+        monkeypatch.setenv('DISCORD_WEBHOOK_URL', 'https://example.com/hook')
+        client = Client()
+        with patch('links.actions.requests.post', side_effect=req_lib.exceptions.RequestException('connection refused')):
+            resp = client.get('/testaction/测试/')
+        assert resp.status_code == 200
+        assert '发送到 Discord 失败' in resp.content.decode()
+
+    def test_normal_link_unaffected(self, db):
+        Link.objects.create(alias='plainlink', link_type=Link.LinkType.LINK, original_url='https://example.com/path')
+        client = Client()
+        resp = client.get('/plainlink/')
+        assert resp.status_code in (301, 302)
+        assert resp['Location'] == 'https://example.com/path'